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According
to Wikipedia and Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, bullying
domination over others. The behavior is often
repeated and habitual. One essential
prerequisite is the perception,
by the bully
or by others, of an imbalance of social
or physical power.
Behaviors used to assert such domination can include verbal
repeatedly towards particular
targets. Justifications and rationalizations for such
or ability.
If bullying
is done by a group, it is called “mobbing”."Targets"
of
bullying
are
also sometimes referred to as "victims" of bullying.
Bullying
can
be defined in many different ways. The UK
currently has no legal
definition of bullying,
while some
U.S.
states
have laws against it. Bullying
consists of four basic types of abuse – emotional
(sometimes called relational),
verbal,
physical,
and cyber. It typically involves subtle methods of coercion such
as intimidation.
Bullying
ranges from simple one-on-one bullying
to more complex bullying in
which the bully
may have one or more "lieutenants" who may seem to be
willing
to assist the primary bully in his or her bullying
activities. Bullying
in
school and
bullying in the context of rankism.
A
bullying
culture
can develop in any context in which human beings interact with
each other. This includes school,
family, the workplace,
home, and neighborhoods.
In a 2012 study of male adolescent football
players, "the strongest predictor was
the perception of whether
the most influential male in a player's life would approve
of the
bullying
behavior".
Bullying
is when a person or group repeatedly tries to harm someone
who is
weaker or who they think is weaker. Sometimes it involves direct
attacks such as hitting, name calling, teasing or taunting. Sometimes
it is
indirect, such as spreading rumors or trying to make others
reject
someone.
Often
people dismiss bullying among kids as a normal part of growing up.
But
bullying
is harmful. It can lead children and teenagers to feel tense and
afraid. It
may lead them to avoid school. In severe cases, teens who
are bullied may feel
they need to take drastic measures or react
violently.
Others even consider suicide.
For some, the effects of bullying
last
a lifetime.
While
bullying occurs across the entire spectrum of age groups, the
fastest growing sector is among youth, primarily teens. The teen
years are normally a tumultuous time during which identities are
sought, self-doubt is rearing its head and the struggle to fit in is
fought. An often chosen strategy to combat all this is bullying
(often a leaned action from older role models). Other strategies
include alcohol, smoking, drugs and gang involvement.
What
is being done to to help the youth during their complex teen years?
In Altoona, Pa., St. Luke's Episcopal Church has teamed up with The
Beacon. The faith-based Beacon's mission, as stated on its web site,
http://www.thebeaconpa.org/,
is to seek to provide an alternative place for youth in a safe
environment with structured activities, where positive adult role
models can build relationships with “at-risk” youth and encourage
them to make beneficial decisions in their lives.
Per
The Beacon's website, The Beacon has provided a safe place for teens
to meet on Friday nights since November of 2007. They aim to create a
culture of respect for participants, property and staff. For many of
the participants the Beacon is like a family.
On
Friday nights they have several options of activities available for
teens to choose from. For the more athletic teens they have dodge
ball. For those who choose a less energetic activity, they have a
game room available. It has a variety of choices such as: air hockey,
ping pong, foosball and a Wii. They also have a room set up with
craft materials. The teens are allowed to go from activity to
activity if they choose or they can sit and visit with each other or
go to a viewing area where they can watch dodge ball. Meals and
lessons are provided each Friday and often have guest speakers who
teach valuable life skills and share about resources available for
youth in the community.
All
this sounds wonderful on paper, but how does it work in reality?
According to Jerry Rice, executive board member of The Beacon, the
501(c) non-profit hosts about 80-100 youths every Friday night. That
number varies from week to week. The only admission requirement is
that the individual be aged between 12 and 20 years of age. This
large range in age limits, according to Mr. Rice, is to allow and 2nd
chance high-schoolers access. By 2nd chance
high-schoolers, he is referring to those individuals who perhaps
dropped out of school for whatever reasons and need positive social
interaction along with witnessing positive role-models (staff). The
only requirement of those attending The Beacon is to respect staff,
each other and property (St. Luke's Episcopal Church is the owner of
the property where The Beacon operates). If any unacceptable behavior
comes to the attention of the staff (8 staff members on duty on a
typical night) the issue is addressed one-on-one with the individual,
not publicly. This method is believed to difuse the situation, teach
what is acceptable or not, and also, puts the staff in a positive
role-model position. If the behavior continues, the individual is
asked to leave The Beacon until the following Friday. On rare
occasions, the suspension of visiting privileges may be expanded to a
few weeks, according to Mr. Rice. It was explained to me that the
building is divided into sections based on various activities and
each area has as least one staff member supervising. They are also
cognizant of any outside activity, such as groups gathering and/or
any unacceptable behavior anywhere on the Church property. If things
get out-of-control, the local police are summoned. The Beacon has not
incurred and liability claims to-date.
I
had the opportunity to chat with 2 teens about their experiences at
The Beacon, a 13-year old male and a 14 year-old female. Both agreed
that they like to have a place to meet their friends. They also
pointed out that it is a gathering place where cliques join up. At
times, these cliques partake in bullying tactics, making fun of those
outside their clique for various reasons. This usually goes on
unrestrained. This bullying, at times, takes on a physical form in
addition to the emotional belittling. The male teen experienced a
broken collarbone in one such altercation and the female was
physically accosted with a cell phone. Neither incident led to police
involvement despite meeting physical assault descriptions and
apparently no insurance liability claims resulted. Both instances
involved older teens being the aggressors to the younger ones.
The
Beacon is applauded for their well-intended efforts. Some fine-tuning
of the program may be needed, such as closing that 12-20 year old age
range (maybe 2 separate nights to break the ages up?) While the
program looks better on paper than in reality, more organizations
need to take such a proactive initiative to involve youth in their
mission statements. More importantly, values must be taught and
reinforced at home with positive parental role models. If not this
type of behavior will just perpetuate from generation to generation.
It cannot be learned solely by reading or hearing about. It must be
witnessed and it must be on an every day basis. It is not just
“their” problem, it is our problem and obligation to change as a
society.
Blessed
Be!